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    新華社斥責(zé)美國為最大匯率操縱國(1)
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    經(jīng)濟(jì)觀察網(wǎng) 記者 劉鵬  針對(duì)美國近期針對(duì)人民幣匯率問題頻頻向中國施壓,新華社昨日刊文斥責(zé)美國為最大匯率操縱國。

    昨日,新華社記者分別用中英雙語撰寫文章批評(píng)美國指責(zé)中國操縱人民幣匯率,并將匯率問題政治化。中文文章標(biāo)題非常醒目,直指美國——《美國是世界最大的匯率操縱國》,英文文章為Ridiculous logic of politicizing Chinese yuan exchange rate(將人民幣匯率問題政治化的邏輯是荒謬的)。

    本月15日,美國130名議員聯(lián)名致函財(cái)政部長蓋特納和商務(wù)部長駱家輝,要求對(duì)中國采取的“貨幣保護(hù)主義”行為進(jìn)行深入調(diào)查,并在即將于下個(gè)月發(fā)表的國際貨幣政策報(bào)告中認(rèn)定中國為“貨幣操縱國”。這些議員還呼吁,在此基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)中國輸美產(chǎn)品征收懲罰性的反補(bǔ)貼稅。

    以下是新華社斥責(zé)文章中文全文:

    充分的證據(jù)表明,頻頻指責(zé)別國操縱匯率并不斷施壓強(qiáng)迫別國改變幣值的美國才是世界上最大的“匯率操縱國”。這個(gè)唯狹隘經(jīng)濟(jì)利益和政治利益至上的霸權(quán)國家,其實(shí)根本沒有什么資格對(duì)別國的匯率及相關(guān)政策進(jìn)行祖師爺般地指手畫腳、說三道四。

    當(dāng)然,美國操縱匯率的手段和方式是比較隱蔽和狡詐的。中國社科院金融所金融市場室主任曹紅輝指出,美國一直在通過間接的方式、圓滑的手腕操縱著美元匯率,例如,它常常通過帶有欺騙性的投行報(bào)告、專家研究結(jié)果等向市場釋放誘導(dǎo)信息而使美元升值或貶值。

    近期,美國對(duì)沖基金沽空歐元、英鎊,未來還有可能攻擊日元,正是美國隱形操縱美元的一個(gè)例子。通過攻擊這些主要經(jīng)濟(jì)體的貨幣,美國得以維持美元霸權(quán)工具的強(qiáng)硬地位,幫助自己擺脫經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退的泥沼,并搶到新一輪的發(fā)展先機(jī)。

    美國通過操縱美元匯率還使中國等發(fā)展中國家的美元儲(chǔ)備和美元資產(chǎn)大幅縮水,以化解自己龐大的外債壓力,同時(shí)利用“估值效應(yīng)”提升自己的對(duì)外資產(chǎn)價(jià)值。

    例如,在美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)主動(dòng)操縱下,1985年《廣場協(xié)議》簽訂后,美元狂貶逾40%,2001年后,美元相對(duì)主要貨幣又持續(xù)貶值超過30%。相應(yīng)的,2001年到2006年,美國對(duì)外總負(fù)債雖然增加3.856萬億美元,但凈負(fù)債卻減少1990億美元,即凈賺資本收益4.055萬億美元,其中,操縱美元貶值貢獻(xiàn)8920億美元,壓迫別國貨幣升值、制造資產(chǎn)價(jià)格變動(dòng)凈賺3.163萬億美元。

    而耍弄政治、外交和貿(mào)易手段壓迫人民幣按其要求和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)升值,還企圖使中國的出口貿(mào)易陷入困境,大批企業(yè)倒閉,無數(shù)工人失業(yè),經(jīng)濟(jì)萎靡不振,并誘發(fā)社會(huì)動(dòng)蕩。

    為了應(yīng)對(duì)自己引發(fā)的金融危機(jī)的沖擊,美國必須天量印刷鈔票及借錢,而在借錢的過程中,它必須使美元升值以提升誘惑力。于是,美國先是通過平準(zhǔn)基金大量拋售歐元,導(dǎo)致歐元狂跌、美元上漲,然后,又大肆印制鈔票,并通過填平壞賬等一系列復(fù)雜操縱程序和手段,控制流通美元的增長率,以達(dá)到自己的目的。

    以下是斥責(zé)文章英文全文

    With mid-term elections looming in the United States, some U.S. senators have proposed legislation at a high-profile press conference at the Capitol Hill on Tuesday to press China to appreciate its currency.

    They have threatened Beijing with duties on some of its exports if it fails to revalue its currency and pressured the Obama administration to lable China a "currency manipulator."

    According to their logic, China's currency, the Chinese yuan or Reminbi, is "undervalued," which avails Chinese exporters of an "unfair competition advantage" and leads to the huge trade deficit on the U.S. side. Accordingly, their conclusion is: raising the value of the yuan against the U.S. dollar is the sole solution.

    It has become a customary practice for Western politicians to press for appreciation of the yuan when their domestic economy is in trouble.

    "It's always easier to blame someone else for your failings," said British newspaper The Sunday Telegraph on Sunday.

    Western politicians did not explore the origin of the global financial crisis, instead, acted as if their countries' economic downturn is China's fault. Obviously, this is illogical.

    Is the yuan really undervalued?

    Liam Halligan, chief economist at Prosperity Capital Management, argued that the Chinese yuan may not be undervalued as much as Western politicians think.

    Although Chinese exports rose by 46 percent in the first two months of 2010, the rise was from a very low base -- with February 2009 being the epicenter of the U.S.-sparked sub-prime storm, he said.

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